Embryo Rescue

OUTLINE NOTES

भ्रूण बचाव (Embryo Rescue):-

1. सामान्य परिचय (General Introduction):-

·   परिभाषा (Definition):- ऐसा अपरिपक्व या कमजोर भ्रूण जो नष्ट हो सकता है  अपने आप पौधे में विकसित नहीं हो सकता उसे ऊतक संवर्धन तकनीक के द्वारा स्वस्थ पौधे में विकसित करने की प्रक्रिया को भ्रूण बचाव कहते हैं।

(Through tissue culture technique, the process of developing a healthy plant from an immature or weak embryo, which can be destroyed and cannot develops into the plant on its own, is called embryo rescue.)

·   दूरस्थ संकरण से भ्रूणपोष का सही प्रकार से विकास नहीं हो पाता है जिससे भ्रूण के नष्ट होने की संभावना बढ़ जाती है।

(Endosperm does not develop properly in distant hybridization, which increases the chances of embryos being destroyed.)

·   भ्रूण बचाव प्रक्रिया में कृत्रिम पोषक माध्यम भ्रूणपोष के विकल्प का कार्य करता है। जिससे भ्रूण का विकास   बिना रुके लगातार चलता रहता है।

(The artificial nutrient medium serves as an alternate of endosperm in the embryo rescue process. Due to which the development of the embryo continues continuously without stopping.)

2. सिद्धान्त (Principle):- भ्रूण विकास 3 अवस्थाओं में होता है। पोषण आवश्यकता उसी के अनुसार परिवर्तित   होती रहती है।

(Embryonic development occurs in 3 stages. The nutritional requirement varies accordingly.)

i. विषमपोषी अवस्था (Heterotrophic Phase):- यह एक प्रारम्भिक अवस्था है जिसमें भ्रूण पोषकों की आपूर्ति के लिए अधिकतर भ्रूणपोष  मातृक ऊतक पर निर्भर रहता है।

(This is an early stage in which the embryo mostly depends on endosperm and maternal tissue for supplying nutrients.)

ii. स्वपोषी अवस्था (Autotrophic Phase):- इस अवस्था में भ्रूण में वृद्धि के लिए आवश्यक पदार्थों के निर्माण के लिए उपापचय क्षमता विकसित हो जाती है। जिससे भ्रूण धीरे धीरे आत्मनिर्भर हो जाता है।

(At this stage, metabolic capacity is developed in the embryo to produce the necessary substances for growth. By which the embryo gradually becomes self-dependent.)

iii. मध्यस्थ अवस्था (Intervening Phase):- यह विषमपोषी  स्वपोषी अवस्था के मध्य की नाजुक अवस्था है। इस अवस्था पर पोषक आपूर्ति अत्यधिक परिवर्तनशील होती है जो अधिकतर पादप जाति पर निर्भर करती है।

(It is a critical stage between heterotrophic and autotrophic. Nutrient supply at this stage is highly variable, depending mostly on plant species.)

·  परिपक्व भ्रूण की तुलना में अपरिपक्व भ्रूण संवर्धन के लिए अधिक जटिल माध्यम की आवश्यकता होती है।

(Immature embryos require a more complex medium than mature embryos for culturing.)

·  भ्रूण के पूर्ण विकास के लिए इसे कई बार एक माध्यम से निकालकर दूसरे माध्यम में स्थानांतरित करना पड़ता   है।

(For complete development of the embryo, it has to be removed from one medium and transferred to another medium.)


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