Lecture-1 Pre and Post Mendelian Concepts of Heredity

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OUTLINE NOTES
आनुवंशिकी की पूर्व व पश्च मेंडेलियन अवधारणायें (Pre and Post Mendelian Concepts of Heredity):-
Genetics (आनुवंशिकी):- 
पूर्व मेंडेलियन अवधारणायें (Pre Mendelian Concepts):-
·         मेंडल से पहले अनेक वैज्ञानिकों ने जनकों से संतति में लक्षणों के स्थानांतरण को समझाने का प्रयास किया।
(Before Mendel, many scientists tried to explain the transfer of traits from parents to progeny.)
·         अन्धी आनुवंशिकता के वाद (Theories of Blending Inheritance):- 
इन वैज्ञानिकों के अनुसार सन्तति में स्थानांतरण के दौरान जनकों के लक्षण मिश्रित हो जाते हैं, अर्थात आनुवंशिकता अन्धी होती है।
(According to these scientists, during the transfer to the progeny, the traits of the parents get mixed, that is, the heredity is blind.)
·         ये वाद हैं:-
(These theories are:-)
1. Moist Vapour Theory:-
Ø  यह वाद Pythagoras (580 – 500 B.C.) के द्वारा दिया गया था।
[This theory was given by Pythagoras (580 – 500 B.C.).]
Ø  इसके अनुसार नर जनक के शरीर का प्रत्येक अंग एक नम वाष्प उत्पन्न करता है जो भ्रूण के विभिन्न अंगों का निर्माण करती है।
(According to this, each part of the body of the male parent produces a moist vapour which forms the various organs of the embryo.)
2. Fluid Theory:-
Ø  यह वाद Empedocles (504 – 433 B.C.) के द्वारा दिया गया था।
[This theory was given by Empedocles (504 – 433 B.C.).]
Ø  इसके अनुसार शरीर का प्रत्येक भाग एक द्रव उत्पन्न करता है। दो जनकों के विभिन्न शरीर भागों का द्रव   मिश्रित हो जाता है व इस मिश्रण का उपयोग भ्रूण के निर्माण में होता है।
(According to this, each part of the body produces a fluid. The fluids of different body parts of two parents mixes and this mixture is used in the formation of the embryo.)

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