Advancements and Future Prospects of Micro-propagation

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OUTLINE NOTES
सूक्ष्मप्रवर्धन की आधुनिकता व भविष्य में संभावनाएँ (Advancements and Future Prospects of Micro-propagation):-
Ø  वर्तमान में ऊत्तक व कोशिका संवर्धन तकनीक के द्वारा विश्व भर में 180 – 200 मिलियन पौधे उत्पन्न किए जाते हैं।
(At present, 180 - 200 million plants are produced worldwide through tissue and cell culture techniques.)
Ø  पारंपरिक पादप उत्पादन को बड़े पैमाने पर सूक्ष्मप्रवर्धन के द्वारा प्रतिस्थापित कर दिया गया है।
(Traditional plant production has been largely replaced by micro propagation.)
Ø  लाभकारी अनुप्रयोग के लिए उच्च पुनरुद्धभवन दरों को बनाए रखना आवश्यक होता है। परन्तु निम्न कारणों से यह सीमित हो सकता है –
(It is necessary to maintain high regeneration rates for beneficial application. But it may be limited due to the following reasons -)
i. अंगजनन योग्यता की कमी (Lack of organogenic competence)
ii. आनुवंशिक अस्थायित्व (Genetic instability)
iii. कार्यिकीय कुरूपता प्रक्रिया (Vitrification phenomenon)

Ø  उपयुक्तता से नियंत्रित जैव रिएक्टर (Optimally controlled bioreactors):- निलंबन संवर्धन में कायिक भ्रूणजनन के लिए ये वाणिज्यिक सूक्ष्मप्रवर्धन में बहुत कुशल तंत्र माने जाते हैं।
(These are considered to be very efficient systems in commercial micro propagation for somatic embryogenesis in suspension culture.)
Ø  ट्रान्सजैनिक पौधों के उत्पादन में 2 चरण होते हैं –
(There are 2 steps in the production of transgenic plants -)
i. आनुवंशिक रूपान्तरण (Agrobacterium मध्यस्थ या जीन गन विधि)
[Genetic transformation (Agrobacterium mediated or gene gun method)]
ii. जैविक व अजैविक प्रतिबल से बचाव के लिए कृत्रिम संवर्धन
(In vitro culture to protect against biotic and abiotic stresses)

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