Genetic Control of Regeneration

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OUTLINE NOTES
पुनरुद्धभवन का आनुवंशिक नियंत्रण (Genetic Control of Regeneration):-
1. परिचय (Introduction):-
·         पादपों में क्षति से रिकवर होने की शक्तिशाली पुनरुद्धभवन क्षमता विकसित हो चुकी है।
(The plants have developed a powerful regenerative ability to recover from damage.)
·         पादप पुनरुद्धभवन का अध्ययन अत्यधिक महत्व का होता है क्योंकि पादप पुनरुद्धभवन की क्रियाविधि:-
(The study of plant regeneration is of great importance because the mechanism of plant regeneration is:)
i. अनेक क्षेत्रों में आधारभूत अनुसंधान से संबन्धित होती है।
(related to basic research in many areas.)
ii. विस्तृत रूप से उपयोग की जाने वाली पादप जैवप्रौधौगिकी से संबन्धित होती है।
(related to plant biotechnology which is extensively used.)

2. आनुवंशिक नियंत्रण (Genetic Control):- 
·         गाजर की कोशिकाओं में कायिक भ्रूणजनन की बहुत अधिक क्षमता पायी जाती है।
(Carrot cells have a very high capacity of somatic embryogenesis.)
·         EP-3 जीन की अभिव्यक्ति (Expression of EP - 3 gene):- गाजर के पौधों में इसकी अभिव्यक्ति कायिक भ्रूण के अंदर न होकर इसके चारों ओर की कोशिकाओं में होती है जो भ्रूण के पोषण में भाग लेती हैं।
(In carrot plants, expression of EP - 3 gene is not inside the somatic embryo, but it is in the cells around it that participate in the nutrition of the embryo.)
·         Chicory पौधे में अध्ययन से यह प्रदर्शित होता है कि इस पौधे में 3 Pathogenesis related proteins की अभिव्यक्ति के कारण कायिक भ्रूणजनन सम्पूर्ण होता है:-
(Studies in the chicory plant show that the somatic embryogenesis complete in this plant is due to the expression of 3 Pathogenesis related proteins:-)
i.   38KDa Glucanase
ii.   32KDa Chitinase
iii.   25KDa Osmotin like protein
Chitinase व Glucanase एंजाइम्स विकसित हो रहे कायिक भ्रूण के चारों ओर की कोशिकाओं की कोशिका भित्ति के घटकों के विघटन में भाग लेते हैं। जो कायिक भ्रूण के पोषण को बढ़ा देते हैं। यह भी संभव है कि ये दोनों एंजाइम्स कोशिका भित्ति से सिग्नल अणुओं को छोड़ते हैं जो कायिक भ्रूण के विकास के लिए आवश्यक होते हैं।
(Chitinase and Glucanase enzymes participate in the dissolution of the components of the cell wall of cells around the developing somatic embryo. Which increase the nutrition of the somatic embryo. It is also possible that both of these enzymes release signal molecules from the cell wall that are essential for the development of the somatic embryo.)

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