Lecture- 14 Crossing Over: Introduction and Mechanism

OUTLINE NOTES

जीन विनिमयपरिचय  क्रियाविधि (Crossing Over: Introduction and Mechanism):-

जीन विनिमय (Crossing Over):- वह प्रक्रिया जिसमें समजात गुणसूत्रों की Non – sister chromatids के मध्य जीनों का आदान – प्रदान होता हैजीन विनिमय कहलाता है।

(The process in which genes are exchanged between the non-sister chromatids of homologous chromosomes is called crossing over.) 

·     यह केवल अर्धसूत्री विभाजन की प्रोफेज – में होने वाली प्रक्रिया है।

(This is a process occurring only in the Prophase - I of meiosis.)

क्रियाविधि (Mechanism):- इसके 5 मुख्य चरण हैं –

(It has 5 main steps –)

1. Synapsis:-

Ø  यह प्रोफेज – की Zygotene उपअवस्था में होता है।

(It occurs in the zygotene sub-stage of prophase - I.)

Ø  इस चरण में समजात गुणसूत्र एक – दूसरे के पास आकार परस्पर 1000A° की दूरी पर व्यवस्थित हो जाते हैं। इस प्रक्रिया को Synapsis कहते हैं।

(In this step the homologous chromosomes are arranged near each other at a distance of 1000A°. This process is called Synapsis.)

Ø  Synapsis के निर्माण में 3 प्रकार का युग्मन होता है

(3 types of coupling occurs in the formation of synapsis.)

Ø  Synaptonemal complex:- Synapsis बनने के पश्चात 1000A° की जगह में एक तन्तुनुमा जटिल बनाता है। इसकी खोज M. J. Moses ने क्रेफिश की Spermatocyte में की थी।

(After formation of synapsis, it forms a fibrous complex in the space of 1000A°. It was discovered by M. J. Moses in the Spermatocyte of Crayfish.)


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