Bajra: Downy mildew and Ergot

Bajra (बाजरा): Downy mildew and Ergot:-

1. Downy mildew or Green ear (डाउनी मिल्ड्यू या हरित बाली):- Sclerospora graminicola (Class - Ascomycetes)

Symptoms (लक्षण):-

- Infection is mainly systemic and symptoms appear on the leaves and the earhead. 

(संक्रमण मुख्य रूप से सिस्टेमिक होता है और इसके लक्षण पत्तियों और बाली के हिस्से पर दिखाई देते हैं।)

- The first symptoms can appear in seedlings at three to four leaf stage. 

(प्राथमिक लक्षण अंकुरण के तीन से चार पर्ण अवस्था में दिखाई दे सकते हैं।)

- The affected leaves show patches of light green to light yellow colour on the upper surface of leaves and the corresponding lower surface bears white downy growth of the fungus. 

(प्रभावित पत्तियों की ऊपरी सतह पर हल्के हरे से हल्के पीले रंग के धब्बे दिखाई देते हैं, और संबंधित निचली सतह पर कवक के सफेद मटमैले धब्बे बनते हैं।)

- The downy growth seen on infected leaves consists of sporangiophores and sporangia. 

(संक्रमित पत्तियों पर देखे जाने वाले मटमैले धब्बों में बीजाणुधानीधर और बीजाणुधानीयाँ होती हैं।)

- The yellow discolouration often turns to streaks along veins. 

(पीला रंग अक्सर शिराओं के साथ धारियों में बदल जाता है।)

- The infected plants tiller excessively and are dwarfed.

(संक्रमित पौधे अत्यधिक शाखाएँ उत्पन्न करते हैं और बौने हो जाते हैं।)

- As the disease advances, the streaks turn brown and the leaves shred at the tips only. But shredding is not as prominent as in Jowar.

(जैसे-जैसे रोग बढ़ता है, धारियाँ भूरे रंग की हो जाती हैं और पत्तियाँ केवल सिरों पर टूट जाती हैं। लेकिन टूटना ज्वार में जितना प्रमुख होता है, उतना इसमें नहीं होता।)

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