Date palm: Graphiola leaf spot
- Graphiola leaf spot is caused by Graphiola phoenicis, which is a smut fungus.
(ग्रेफियोला लीफ स्पॉट का कारण Graphiola phoenicis है, जो एक स्मट कवक है।)
- It develops sub-epidermal, in small spots on both sides of the pinnae leaves, on the rachis and on the leaf base.
(यह पत्तियों के दोनों ओर, रैकिस और पर्णाधार पर छोटे धब्बों में सब-एपिडर्मल रूप से विकसित होता है।)
- The numerous fruiting structures emerge as small-yellow/brown to black sori, 1 to 3 mm in diameter, with two layers. These sori are abundant on three year-old leaves, conspicuous on two year-old, but absent or infrequent on one year-old leaves. This is because of the 10 - 11 month incubation cycle for this pathogen. On a leaf, sori are abundant on apical pinnae, less abundant on the middle section becoming even less on the basal section.
(इसकी फलन संरचनाएँ छोटे-पीले/भूरे से काली सोराई के रूप में 1 से 3 मिमी व्यास की होती हैं, जो दो परतों के साथ होती हैं। ये सोराई तीन साल पुरानी पत्तियों पर प्रचुर मात्रा में होते हैं, दो साल पुरानी पत्तियों पर दिखाई देती हैं, लेकिन एक साल पुरानी पत्तियों पर अनुपस्थित या कम होते हैं। ऐसा इसलिए होता है क्योंकि इस रोगजनक का 10-11 महीने का ऊष्मायन चक्र होता है। पत्तियों पर सोराई शीर्ष पर प्रचुर मात्रा में होते हैं, मध्य भाग पर कम होते हैं, और निचले भाग पर और भी कम होती हैं।)
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