Sesamum: Stem and Root rot and Phyllody

Sesamum (तिल): Stem and Root rot and Phyllody:-

1. Root rot or stem rot or charcoal rot (जड़ गलन या तना गलन या चारकोल गलन):- Macrophomina phaseolina (Sclerotial stage: Rhizoctonia bataticola)

Symptoms (लक्षण):-

- The disease symptom starts as yellowing of lower leaves, followed by drooping and defoliation. 

(रोग के लक्षण निचली पत्तियों के पीले होने से शुरू होते हैं, इसके बाद पत्तियां मुरझा जाती हैं और झड़ने लगती हैं।)

- The stem portion near the ground level shows dark brown lesions and bark at the collar region shows shredding. 

(ज़मीन के स्तर के पास तने का हिस्सा गहरे भूरे रंग के धब्बे दिखाता है और कॉलर क्षेत्र में छाल छिलने लगती है।)

- The sudden death of plants is seen in patches. 

(पौधों की अचानक मृत्यु समूहों में देखी जाती है।)

- In the grown-up plants, the stem portion near the soil level shows large number of black pycnidia.

(बड़े पौधों में, मिट्टी के स्तर के पास तने के हिस्से में काले पिक्निडिया की बड़ी संख्या दिखाई देती है।)

- The stem portion can be easily pulled out leaving the rotten root portion in the soil. 

(तने का हिस्सा आसानी से खींचा जा सकता है जिससे सड़ा हुआ जड़ का हिस्सा मिट्टी में रह जाता है।)

- The infection when spreads to pods, they open prematurely and immature seeds shriveled and become black in colour. 

(जब संक्रमण फलों तक फैलता है, तो वे समय से पहले खुल जाते हैं और अपरिपक्व बीज सिकुड़ जाते हैं और काले रंग के हो जाते हैं।)

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