Tomato: Damping off, Bacterial wilt, Early blight, Leaf curl and Root knot

Tomato (टमाटर): Damping off, Bacterial wilt,  Early blight, Leaf curl and Root knot:-
1. Damping off (डैम्पिंग ऑफ):- Pythium aphanidermatum
Symptoms (लक्षण):-
- Damping off of tomato occurs in two stages, i.e. the pre-emergence and the post-emergence phase.
(टमाटर में डैम्पिंग ऑफ दो अवस्थाओं में होता है, अर्थात पूर्व अंकुरण और पश्च अंकुरण अवस्था।)
- In the pre-emergence the phase the seedlings are killed just before they reach the soil surface. The young radical and the plumule are killed and there is complete rotting of the seedlings.
(पूर्व अंकुरण अवस्था में, अंकुर मिट्टी की सतह तक पहुंचने से पहले ही मर जाते हैं। तरुण जड़ और अंकुर मर जाते हैं और पूरे अंकुर सड़ जाता है।)
- The post-emergence phase is characterized by the infection of the young, juvenile tissues of the collar at the ground level. The infected tissues become soft and water soaked. The seedlings topple over or collapse.
(पश्च अंकुरण अवस्था में, मिट्टी के सतह स्तर पर कॉलर के तरुण, अपरिपक्व ऊतकों का संक्रमण होता है। संक्रमित ऊतक नरम और पानी से भीगे हुए हो जाते हैं। अंकुर गिर जाते हैं या ढह जाते हैं।)
Management (प्रबंधन):-

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