Biodiversity at global, National and local levels, India as a mega-diversity nation. Hot-spots of biodiversity

Biodiversity at global, National and local levels, India as a mega-diversity nation. Hot-spots of biodiversity:-

Biodiversity at Global, National, and Local Levels (वैश्विक, राष्ट्रीय और स्थानीय स्तर पर जैव विविधता):-

i. Global Level (वैश्विक स्तर):-

Definition (परिभाषा):- Biodiversity at the global level encompasses the variety of life on Earth, including species, ecosystems, and genetic diversity across different regions and biomes.

(वैश्विक स्तर पर जैव विविधता का अर्थ है पृथ्वी पर जीवन की विविधता, जिसमें विभिन्न क्षेत्रों और बायोम्स में प्रजातियाँ, पारिस्थितिकी तंत्र, और आनुवंशिक विविधता शामिल हैं।)

Significance (महत्त्व):- Global biodiversity is critical for ecosystem services, including air and water purification, pollination of crops, climate regulation, and providing resources such as food, medicine, and raw materials.

(वैश्विक जैव विविधता पारिस्थितिकी सेवाओं के लिए महत्वपूर्ण है, जिसमें वायु और जल शुद्धिकरण, फसलों का परागण, जलवायु नियमन, और भोजन, दवा, और कच्चे माल जैसे संसाधनों का प्रावधान शामिल है।)

Threats (खतरे):- Major threats include climate change, habitat loss, pollution, overexploitation of resources, and invasive species.

(प्रमुख खतरे जलवायु परिवर्तन, निवास स्थान का नुकसान, प्रदूषण, संसाधनों का अत्यधिक दोहन, और आक्रामक प्रजातियाँ हैं।)

ii. National Level (राष्ट्रीय स्तर):-

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