Crop insurance and its scope

Crop insurance and its scope (फसल बीमा और इसका दायरा):- Crop insurance is a risk management tool that provides farmers with financial protection against the loss of crops due to natural calamities, pests, and diseases. In a country like India, where agriculture is highly dependent on monsoons, crop insurance plays a critical role in stabilizing farmers' incomes and ensuring the sustainability of the agricultural sector.

(फसल बीमा एक जोखिम प्रबंधन उपकरण है जो प्राकृतिक आपदाओं, कीटों और बीमारियों के कारण फसल की हानि से किसानों को वित्तीय सुरक्षा प्रदान करता है। भारत जैसे देश में, जहां कृषि मुख्य रूप से मानसून पर निर्भर है, फसल बीमा किसानों की आय को स्थिर करने और कृषि क्षेत्र की स्थिरता सुनिश्चित करने में महत्वपूर्ण भूमिका निभाता है।)

Historical Background (ऐतिहासिक पृष्ठभूमि):- Crop insurance in India began with the Comprehensive Crop Insurance Scheme (CCIS) in 1985. However, the scheme had limited coverage and faced several operational challenges. It was succeeded by the National Agricultural Insurance Scheme (NAIS) in 1999, which aimed to improve coverage and implementation. The most significant reform came in 2016 with the introduction of the Pradhan Mantri Fasal Bima Yojana (PMFBY), which is the most comprehensive crop insurance scheme in India to date.

[भारत में फसल बीमा की शुरुआत 1985 में व्यापक फसल बीमा योजना (CCIS) के साथ हुई थी। हालांकि, इस योजना में सीमित कवरेज था और इसे संचालित करने में कई चुनौतियों का सामना करना पड़ा। इसे 1999 में राष्ट्रीय कृषि बीमा योजना (NAIS) ने प्रतिस्थापित किया, जिसका उद्देश्य कवरेज और कार्यान्वयन में सुधार करना था। 2016 में प्रधानमंत्री फसल बीमा योजना (PMFBY) की शुरुआत के साथ सबसे बड़ा सुधार हुआ, जो अब तक की सबसे व्यापक फसल बीमा योजना है।]

Key Features of Crop Insurance Schemes (फसल बीमा योजनाओं की मुख्य विशेषताएं):-

i.Pradhan Mantri Fasal Bima Yojana (PMFBY) (प्रधानमंत्री फसल बीमा योजना):-

Coverage (कवरेज):- It covers food crops (cereals, millets, pulses), oilseeds, and annual commercial/horticultural crops.

[यह योजना खाद्य फसलों (अनाज, मोटे अनाज, दालें), तिलहन और वार्षिक वाणिज्यिक/बागवानी फसलों को कवर करती है।]

Premium (प्रीमियम):-

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