Pigeonpea-Origin, geographical distribution, economic importance, soil and climatic requirements, varieties, cultural practices and yield

Pigeonpea-Origin, geographical distribution, economic importance, soil and climatic requirements, varieties, cultural practices and yield (अरहर-उत्पत्ति, भौगोलिक वितरण, आर्थिक महत्व, मिट्टी और जलवायु संबंधी आवश्यकताएं, किस्में, कृषि पद्धतियाँ और उपज):-

1. Origin of Pigeonpea (अरहर की उत्पत्ति):-

i. Botanical Name (वानस्पतिक नाम):- Cajanus cajan.

ii. Family (कुल):- Fabaceae.

iii. Origin (उत्पत्ति):- Pigeonpea is believed to have originated in the Indian subcontinent. It is one of the oldest cultivated crops, with archaeological evidence suggesting its cultivation as early as 3,500 years ago. The crop spread from India to Africa and then to the Americas.

(अरहर की उत्पत्ति भारतीय उपमहाद्वीप में मानी जाती है। यह सबसे पुराने कृषि फसलों में से एक है, जिसके साक्ष्य लगभग 3500 साल पहले से मिलते हैं। यह फसल भारत से अफ्रीका और फिर अमेरिका तक फैली।)

2. Geographical Distribution (भौगोलिक वितरण):- Pigeonpea is predominantly grown in tropical and subtropical regions. Major producers include India, Myanmar, Kenya, Uganda, and Tanzania. India is the largest producer and consumer of pigeonpea, accounting for over 70% of global production.

(अरहर मुख्य रूप से उष्णकटिबंधीय और उपोष्णकटिबंधीय क्षेत्रों में उगाई जाती है। भारत, म्यांमार, केन्या, युगांडा, और तंज़ानिया प्रमुख उत्पादक देश हैं। भारत अरहर का सबसे बड़ा उत्पादक और उपभोक्ता है, जो वैश्विक उत्पादन का 70% से अधिक हिस्सा बनाता है।)

3. Economic Importance (आर्थिक महत्व):-

i. Food Source (खाद्य स्रोत):- Pigeonpea is a significant source of protein for millions of people in developing countries, especially in India, where it is used in various dishes, notably dal (a lentil stew).

(अरहर विकासशील देशों में, विशेषकर भारत में, प्रोटीन का एक महत्वपूर्ण स्रोत है, जहाँ इसका उपयोग विभिन्न व्यंजनों, विशेष रूप से दाल में किया जाता है।)

ii. Livelihood (आजीविका):-

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