Methods of integrated disease management: Host plant resistance and cultural control

Methods of integrated disease management: Host plant resistance and cultural control (समेकित रोग प्रबंधन की विधियाँ: परपोषी पादप प्रतिरोध और सांस्कृतिक नियंत्रण):- Integrated Disease Management (IDM) in plants is a sustainable approach that combines multiple strategies to manage plant diseases, minimizing reliance on chemical control and focusing on ecological balance. In the Indian context, IDM typically emphasizes host plant resistance and cultural control due to the country’s diverse agro-climatic conditions, resource constraints, and smallholder farming systems.

[पौधों में एकीकृत रोग प्रबंधन (IDM) एक सतत दृष्टिकोण है, जिसमें कई रणनीतियों को मिलाकर रोगों का प्रबंधन किया जाता है। इसका उद्देश्य रासायनिक नियंत्रण पर निर्भरता को कम करना और पारिस्थितिक संतुलन को बनाए रखना है। भारत में, IDM में मुख्य रूप से प्रतिरोधी पादप किस्मों और सांस्कृतिक नियंत्रण पर जोर दिया जाता है, क्योंकि यहां कृषि जलवायु विविध है, संसाधनों की सीमाएँ हैं, और अधिकांश किसान छोटे भूखंडों पर खेती करते हैं।]

Host Plant Resistance (परपोषी पादप प्रतिरोध) (HPR):- Host plant resistance involves breeding and using crop varieties that are genetically resistant to specific pathogens. In India, this is a key component of disease management, given the large-scale cultivation of staple crops like rice, wheat, and pulses, which are susceptible to various diseases.

(परपोषी पादप प्रतिरोध ऐसी फसलों का उपयोग करता है, जिनमें आनुवांशिक रूप से रोगों के प्रति प्रतिरोध होता है। भारत में, यह पौधों के रोग नियंत्रण का एक प्रमुख घटक है, खासकर धान, गेहूं, और दालों जैसी प्रमुख फसलों के लिए, जो विभिन्न रोगों से ग्रसित हो सकती हैं।)

i. Genetic Resistance Breeding (अनुवंशिक प्रतिरोध के लिए प्रजनन):-

Conventional Breeding (पारंपरिक प्रजनन):-

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