Methods of integrated disease management: Biological and chemical control

Methods of integrated disease management: Biological and chemical control (समेकित रोग प्रबंधन की विधियाँ: जैविक और रासायनिक नियंत्रण):-

Integrated Disease Management (IDM) is a holistic approach to managing plant diseases that incorporates multiple methods to minimize crop damage. The goal of IDM is to reduce reliance on any single method (such as chemical control) while optimizing the use of all available control measures, including cultural, biological, and chemical approaches.

[समेकित रोग प्रबंधन (IDM) पादप रोगों को प्रबंधित करने के लिए एक समग्र दृष्टिकोण है, जो कई विधियों को शामिल करता है ताकि फसलों को नुकसान कम से कम हो। IDM का उद्देश्य किसी एकल विधि (जैसे रासायनिक नियंत्रण) पर निर्भरता को कम करना है, जबकि सभी उपलब्ध नियंत्रण उपायों का सर्वोत्तम उपयोग करना है, जिसमें सांस्कृतिक, जैविक और रासायनिक दृष्टिकोण शामिल हैं।]

Biological Control (जैविक नियंत्रण):- Biological control involves the use of living organisms, such as beneficial microbes, predators, and parasitoids, to control plant diseases. In India, various biological control agents (BCAs) have been developed and used as part of IDM strategies. Biological control is a key component because it is environmentally friendly and sustainable.

[जैविक नियंत्रण में जीवित जीवों का उपयोग शामिल है, जैसे लाभकारी सूक्ष्मजीव, शिकारी और परजीवी, जो पादप रोगों को नियंत्रित करने में मदद करते हैं। भारत में, कई जैविक नियंत्रण एजेंट (BCAs) विकसित किए गए हैं और IDM रणनीतियों के तहत उपयोग किए जाते हैं। जैविक नियंत्रण एक महत्वपूर्ण घटक है क्योंकि यह पर्यावरण के अनुकूल और टिकाऊ है।]

Biological Control Techniques (जैविक नियंत्रण की तकनीकें):-

i. Use of Antagonistic Microorganisms (प्रतिरोधी सूक्ष्मजीवों का उपयोग):-

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