Lecture-9 Assessment of Water Requirement (WR) - components and components of water requirement - water supplied and water demand, factors influencing water requirement:-
Lecture-10 Assessment of Water Requirement (WR) - Methods to estimate water requirement - lysimeter, Estimation of ET losses, soil moisture depletion, field experimentation technique, water balance method, drum culture technique, expressions of water requirement:-
Lecture-11 Methods of irrigation - classification, principles, suitability, advantages and disadvantages of surface irrigation methods - flooding, border strip, check basin, ridges and furrow and subsurface irrigation methods:-
Lecture-12 Sprinkler irrigation method - types of sprinkler irrigation, components, advantages and disadvantages, water distribution pattern and wetting area based on wind speed:-
Lecture-13 Drip irrigation method- differences between sprinkler and drip irrigation methods, types of drip irrigation, components, advantages and disadvantages, water distribution pattern, pitcher irrigation, cablegation, fertigation and suitability of irrigation methods:-
Lecture-14 Irrigation efficiency - conveyance, application of water, storage of water in soil profile, distribution of water, Water Use Efficiency (WUE) - types and methods to improve WUE:-
Lecture-15 Assessment of Irrigation Requirement (IR) - meaning, net irrigation requirement, gross irrigation requirement and relationship between IR and WR:-
Lecture-16 Quantitative estimation of irrigation water - units of water measurement - direct methods - volume time relation, velocity area, tracer method, current meter, coordinate method. Indirect methods - weirs, orifices and parshall flume, duty of water:-
Lecture-17 Suitability of land water for irrigation – Suitability of land – Physical assessment: texture, water holding capacity, non-capillary pores and permeability, degree of slope, direction of slope, depth of water table:-
Lecture-18 Chemical assessment: soluble salt content, exchangeable sodium, pH. Quality of irrigation water - total soluble salts, sodium adsorption ratio; effects of poor quality of water on crop performance, Irrigation management in problematic areas – poorly drained area, saline and alkaline lands:-
Lecture-19 Scheduling of irrigation - definition, approaches to scheduling - Feel and appearance method, plant/crop indices, indicator plants, critical stage approach, soil moisture depletion approach, IW / CPE ratio approach, stress degree day (SDD) concept:-
Lecture-20 Irrigation control structure and water conveyance methods - unlined and lined open channels, pipes, drop structures, check gates, chute spillways, turn outs, flumes and culverts:-
Lecture-21 Irrigation practices for some important crops - paddy, closed and wide spaced crops, plantation and orchard crops and nurseries, suitable irrigation practice for different methods of mulberry cultivation. Drainage - surface and sub-surface methods:-